Questem - 2-suited overcalls
     
 
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  Questem (inverted Ghestem) - The Two Suited Overcall  
     
  I assume that you are familiar with Michaels/UNT and also with Ghestem (if not you can look them up on this site). Now both are fine conventions (if not abused) but they both have their drawbacks as I indicated when I described them both. Just to summarise: -  
     
 
 

Using UNT/Michaels we have the problems: -

   
1- When we show a specific major and an unspecified minor partner may have a problem if he has
 

mediocre support for the major and just one reasonable minor. Should he play it safe and bid the major or take a chance of finding an excellent minor suit fit?

   
2-

We cannot show all hand types. Specifically, we cannot show a hand with 's and a minor

  if the other minor is opened.
   
 

Using Ghestem we have the problems: -

   
3-

You loose 3 as a weak jump overcall or whatever it normally means in your system.

4- If the opening bid is 1 / and we have a major two-suiter, then we have to bid 3 and are
 

thus forced to the three level whereas it is a cuebid (and thus only the two level) using Michaels.

   
 
  Now if you are prepared to use the 3 bid as conventional it certainly appears that Ghestem has the edge over UNT/Michaels. But this last point (4-) really is quite significant.  
     
 
Hand A Consider this Hand A. The definition of Michaels cue bids states that one need be only
    5-4 (or 4-5) in the majors to cue bid an opening 1♣/, and many (most?) people play Michaels that way.
KJ84
K8742 Playing Ghestem the bid here is 3 and that necessarily puts us up at the three level with no idea if we have a resemblance of a fit.
96
95 So this type of hand cannot be bid using Ghestem.
 
     
  Is there a solution? Yes! We simply ‘invert' the Ghestem cue bids and 3 bids. Thus the revised structure is as follows. For want of a better name, let's call it Questem: -  
     
 
Direct cue bid = 2 highest suits
2NT = 2 lowest suits
3 = highest + lowest suits
 
     
  So we now have, using Questem: -  
     
 
Opening bid Overcall Meaning  
       
1 2 's and 's
1 2NT 's and 's (two lowest)
1 3 's and ♠ 's (highest + lowest)
1 2 's and ♠ 's (two highest)
1 2NT ♣ 's and 's (two lowest)
1 3 ♣ 's and 's (highest + lowest)
1 2 's and 's (two highest)
1 2NT ♣ 's and 's (two lowest)
1 3 's and ♠ 's (highest + lowest)
1 2 's and 's (two highest)
1 2NT ♣ 's and 's (two lowest)
1 3 ♣ 's and 's (highest + lowest)
 
     
  Now this really is very easy to remember. 2NT is the same as the unusual NT, so always the two lowest. That leaves the cue bid and 3 . The cue bid is always the two highest, as it is with Michaels when not ambiguous. 3 thus always shows what's left - the highest and lowest.  
     
  There are just six of these two-suited combinations. Playing Questem we have: -  
     
 
Hand 1 Hand 2 Hand 3 Hand 4 Hand 5 Hand 6
                       
6 6 KQ942 6 KQ942 KQ942
95 KQ942 6 K8742 6 K8742
KQ942 95 95 KQ942 K8742 6
K8742 K8742 K8742 95 95 95
 
     
 
       
Hand 1: Over a 1 opening, bid 2NT. This shows the two lowest, so ♣ 's and 's
  Over a 1 opening, bid 2NT. This shows the two lowest, so ♣ 's and 's
       
Hand 2: Over a 1 opening, bid 2NT. This shows the two lowest, so ♣ 's and 's
  Over a 1 opening, bid 3♣. This shows the highest and lowest, so ♣ 's and 's
       
Hand 3: Over a 1 opening, bid 3♣. This shows the highest and lowest, so ♣ 's and 's
  Over a 1 opening, bid 3♣. This shows the highest and lowest, so ♣ 's and 's
       
Hand 4: Over a 1 opening, bid 2NT. This shows the two lowest, so 's and 's
  Over a 1 opening, bid 2 . This shows the two highest, so 's and 's
       
Hand 5: Over a 1 opening, bid 3. This shows the highest and lowest, so 's and 's
  Over a 1 opening, bid 2 . This shows the two highest, so 's and 's
       
Hand 6 Over a 1 opening, bid 2♣. This shows the two highest, so 's and 's
  Over a 1 opening, bid 2 . This shows the two highest, so 's and 's
 
     
     
 
Hand 7

Now Questem (and UNT/Michaels or Ghestem) is basically pre-emptive.

   

But most people play that it may also be very strong. So with this hand we bid the 2NT over a 1 opening and thenbid on over his reply.

6
KQ942 But with this hand we have a slight problem if the opening bid is 1.
A If we make the systematic bid of 3 partner may pass! So in this particular situation (where a3 bid is actually one of your suits and you have huge hand) then you simply have to double.
AKQ642
   
     
Hand 8

As with Michaels and Ghestem, with Hand type 8 we also cannot use the

   

system as it is neither weak nor very strong.So with intermediate hands like this we simply overcall.

6
KQ942  
A5  
AQ642  
     
Hand A

And let's come back to Hand A. As with Michaels we need only be

    5-4 (or 4-5) in the majors to cue bid an opening 1 / , and many (most) people play Michaels that way. Playing Questem we do exactly the same and cue bid a 1 / opening with 2 / with this hand type.
KJ84
K8742
96  
95  
 
     
 
 

But as with UNT/Miachaels and Ghestem, Questem also has drawbacks:-

   
-

As with Ghestem, you loose 3 as a weak jump overcall or whatever it normally

  means in your system.
- In the situations where 's is one of you suits you cannot use 3 as Questem when
 

you have the very strong hand type (because partner may pass). This occurs in just 3 out of the twelve possibilities and so using Questem you have to double instead of bidding 3 in these situations. Since these two-suited bids are usually weak pre-emptive bids (the very strong hand type is not very frequent) this is not a big problem.

 
     
  At this point I would like to make two observations, and these are borne out many times if you read through the news-sheets. The UNT/Michaels (or Ghestem or Questem) are the most abused conventions out there. Mistakes that are very often made are: -  
     
 
1-

The requirement is 5-5 (or 4-5 or 5-4 with both majors). I have witnessed countless

  occurrences of people mis-using the UNT etc with 6-4 or other shapes.
2-

Bidding UNT/Michaels (or Ghestem or Questem) and then bidding on shows a strong hand.

  Hands of type 8 are not good enough and should simply overcall as otherwise you get too high (you have pre-empted yourself!). This is an extremely common mistake and the real strong type hand for the convention is not very frequent. For example: -
 
     
 
94

This hand comes from news-sheet 144. The holder overcalled a 1 opening with

AK1095 2 playing Michaels. Partner bid 3 and this hand raised to 4 . This was promptly doubled and went for a number. This type of hand is nowhere near good enough for the strong conventional bid (whichever system you decide to choose). Simply overcall 2 and maybe get in 's later.
AQ954
8
   
 
     
  So which scheme is really best – UNT/Michaels, Ghestem or Questem? Obviously I believe it's Questem and there is a detailed comparison in the link.  
     
     
     
 
  Pattaya Bridge Club - www.pattayabridge.com
 
     
 
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